《榆树下的欲望》中的自然主义

《榆树下的欲望》中的自然主义(8000字)

摘  要： 《榆树下的欲望》是尤金•奥尼尔的一部伟大的自然主义文学作品。本文首先简述尤金•奥尼尔的生平和写作生涯，接着对美国自然主义的起源,主要作家以及主要观点作了简要全面的介绍，最后,探讨这部戏剧所体现出来的几个自然主义特点即:科学地描绘下层人物,语言的污秽性以及宿命论的哲学及悲观的人生观。本论文对读者了解《榆树下欲望中》的自然主义特点有重大意义。

关键词： 榆树下的欲望；尤金•奥尼尔；自然主义

Naturalism in Desire Under the Elms
Abstract: Desire Under the Elms is a great Naturalistic work by Eugene O’Neill, To start with, the writer briefly narrates Eugene O’Neill’s life and then the thesis gives a brief but overall introduction to the origin of American naturalism, the important American naturalists and the major features of American naturalist novel. Finally, the thesis inquires into three naturalistic features of the play: scientific description of the characters of the lower class; the use of filthy language; fatalism and pessimistic outlook on life. The research is of great significance to readers to know naturalism in Desire Under the Elms.

Key words: Desire Under the Elms; Eugene O’Neill; Naturalism;

Introduction
Eugene O’Neill, is generally regarded as Founder of modern American drama. During his lifetime, O’Neill won three Pulitzer Prizes and was awarded the Nobel Prize. Desire Under the Elms, a play produced in 1924, enjoys high praise from most of the O’Neill experts. Desire Under the Elms is a mirror of American society. It denounces the disastrous impacts of the myth of a material prosperity through the story of the New England family, the Cabot. It also exposes O’Neill’s gifted creating power, by which he recreated the Greek tragic spirit in this play. It was this play that brought the American drama into it real sense. It was his serious concern over the social issues and excellent theatrical technique shown in this play that brought the American drama into a real sense.