黄顶菊提取物对油菜种子发芽及胚根伸长

黄顶菊提取物对油菜种子发芽及胚根伸长的化感作用研究 (毕业论文9540字)
   摘  要：就外来植物黄顶菊提取物对油菜种子萌发和生长的影响进行了研究，采用培养皿滤纸法研究黄顶菊提取物对油菜种子发芽及胚根伸长的化感作用。结果表明，不同浓度的黄顶菊提取液对油菜种子发芽率及幼苗的根长、茎长都有不同程度的抑制作用。油菜种子发芽率随浸提液浓度的增加而逐渐降低；油菜幼苗的根长随浸提液处理浓度的增加而逐渐变短；对油菜幼苗茎长的影响，与对照比表现出明显的抑制；这些试验结果表明黄顶菊浸提液对油菜存在化感作用。揭示黄顶菊可能通过产生化感物质抑制周围生境中植物的萌发和早期生长，从而降低这些植物在群落中的多度。一旦黄顶菊大面积、高密度发生，就有可能导致入侵地植物多样性的降低。

    关键词：黄顶菊；提取物；油菜种子；化感作用

Allelopathy Effect of Extract of Flaveria bidentis on
Rape Seeds Germination and Radicle Elongation 
    Abstract: On invasive weed Flaveria bidentis extracts rape seed germination and growth were studied. Filter paper in Petri dish method to study the Flaveria bidentis extract on rape seed germination and radicle elongation of allelopathy.The results showed that different concentrations of Flaveria bidentis extract on rape seed germination rate and seedling root length, stem length have different degrees of inhibition. Rape seed germination rate with the increase of extract concentration, but decreased gradually. Rape seedling root length with increasing extract concentration, but gradually becomes shorter. On the impact of rape seedling shoot length, compared with the control group showed significant inhibition. These results show that Flaveria bidentis extracts have an significant allelopathy to rape. Revealed bidentis may produce allelochemicals to inhibited the germination and early growth of plants in surrounding environment, thereby reducing the density of plants in the community. Once bidentis large area, high density occurs, it may lead to the reduction of local plant diversity.
    Key words: Flavera bidentis (L．)Kuntze; Extract; Rape seed ; Allelopathy

目    录
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………1
关键词………………………………………………………………………………………1
1前言………………………………………………………………………………………2
2  材料与方法……………………………………………………………………………4
    2.1  实验材料……………………………………………………………………4
        2.1.1  植物材料………………………………………………………………4
        2.1.2  仪器和试剂……………………………………………………………4
    2.2  试验方法………………………………………………………………………5
        2.2.1  黄顶菊茎叶水提取物的制备…………………………………………5
        2.2.2  黄顶菊茎叶乙醇、乙酸乙酯提取物的制备…………………………5
        2.2.3  化感作用效应数据统计分析方法……………………………………5
        2.2.4  黄顶菊不同溶剂提取液不同浓度对油菜种子发芽的化感作用研究…
        ……………………………………………………………………………………5
3  结果与分析……………………………………………………………………………6
3.1  黄顶菊不同溶剂提取液不同浓度对油菜种子胚根长度的影响……………6
        3.1.1  油菜种子胚根长度统计及图表………………………………………6
        3.1.2  油菜种子胚根长度结果与分析………………………………………7
3.2  黄顶菊不同溶剂提取液不同浓度对油菜种子幼苗长度的影响……………7
        3.2.1  油菜种子幼苗长度统计及图表………………………………………7
        3.2.2  油菜种子幼苗长度结果与分析………………………………………8
3.3  黄顶菊不同溶剂提取液不同浓度对油菜种子发芽率长度的影响…………8
        3.3.1  油菜种子发芽率统计及图表…………………………………………8
        3.3.2  油菜种子发芽率结果与分析………………………………………9
4  讨论…………………………………………………………………………………10
参考文献……………………………………………………………………………………11
致谢…………………………………………………………………………………………14