基于遗传算法和CAD/CAE方法的变速器设计

基于遗传算法和CAD/CAE方法的变速器设计(中文8000字,英文5000字)
摘要
    本文讨论了一种基于优化算法的变速箱设计方法，并结合全集成工具绘制了三维虚拟模型，以验证功能和设计。本活动的目的是解释如何通过优化软件实现齿轮设计的最新技术。该软件用于手动变速器的斜齿轮的几何参数选择，从扭矩和速度时间历程开始，到所需的设定齿轮比和材料特性。该方法对于使用实验采集或模拟结果来验证或设计构成变速箱的所有单齿轮对都是有用的。遗传算法方法用于解决齿轮设计的优化问题，因为它们具有管理不连续，不可微，随机或高度非线性的目标函数的能力。在Matlab®环境中实施的最终设计工具基于斜齿轮负载能力的计算，包括齿弯曲强度的计算，表面耐久性（点蚀）和可变负载下使用寿命的估算，如下所示：国际标准。 SolidWorks®的自动宏程序与Matlab®环境相互作用，以获取每个齿轮的尺寸参数，并生成每个齿轮及其装配的模型。

Gearbox Design by means of Genetic Algorithm and CAD/CAE Methodologies
ABSTRACT
The paper discusses a gearbox design method based on an optimization algorithm coupled to a full integrated tool to draw 3D virtual models, in order to verify both functionality and design. The aim of this activity is to explain how the state of the art of the gear design may be implemented through an optimization software for the geometrical parameters selection of helical gears of a manual transmission, starting from torque and speed time-histories, the required set of gear ratios and the material properties. This approach can be  useful in order to use either the experimental acquisitions or the simulation results to verify or design all of the single gear pairs that compose a gearbox. Genetic algorithm methods are applied to solve the optimization problems of gears design, due to their capabilities of managing objective functions discontinuous, non-differentiable, stochastic, or highly non- linear. The final design tool, implemented in Matlab® environment, is based on the calculation of load capacity of helical gears, including the computation of tooth bending strength, of surface durability (pitting) and the estimation of service life under variable load, as suggested by International Standards. An automated macro procedure for Solidworks® interacts with the Matlab® environment to get the dimensional parameters of each gear and produces the models of each gear and their assembly.