车辆前的运动特性及优化—基于ADAMAS的悬架设计

车辆前的运动特性及优化—基于ADAMAS的悬架设计(中文2800字,英文2100字)
摘要：为了提高轻型汽车的悬架的性能和转向稳定性，我们利用ADAMAS软件建立了一个一个完整独立的双横臂悬架系统的运动仿真模型，创建了分别对左、右车轮试验平台的随机激励，根据车辆的实际运行情况，在悬架运动过程探讨运动学特征参数的变化规律。通过仿真和分析，指出了悬架导向机构设计的不合理性，指出了其存在的问题机制，并进行了优化和计算。结果表明，所有的前轮定位参数，包括外倾角，脚趾，施法者和倾斜，都只有轻微的变化，在相应的允许范围内优化前后的设计。优化减少变异的车轮中心的距离从47.01毫米到8.28毫米的变化在−10毫米至10毫米的允许范围内，保证车辆的转向稳定性的改善。该优化还限制了前轮侧滑动到一个更小的为2.23毫米变化，这有助于大大减少轮胎的磨损，并保证车辆的直行时的稳定性。

关键词：车辆悬架；汽车转向；驾驶平顺性；双横臂独立悬架；运动学；特征参数；车轮中心距；前轮侧向滑移

Kinematic characterization and optimization of vehicle front-
suspension design based on ADAMS
Abstract:To improve the suspension performance and steering stability of light vehicles, we built a kinematic simulation modelof a whole independent double-wishbone suspension system by using ADAMS software, created random excitations of the testplatforms of respectively the left and the right wheels according to actual running conditions of a vehicle, and explored thechanging patterns of the kinematic characteristic parameters in the process of suspension motion. The irrationality of thesuspension guiding mechanism design was pointed out through simulation and analysis, and the existent problems of the guidingmechanism were optimized and calculated. The results show that all the front-wheel alignment parameters, including the camber,the toe, the caster and the inclination, only slightly change within corresponding allowable ranges in design before and afteroptimization. The optimization reduces the variation of the wheel-center distance from 47.01 mm to a change of 8.28 mm withinthe allowable range of −10 mm to 10 mm, promising an improvement of the vehicle steering stability. The optimization alsoconfines the front-wheel sideways slippage to a much smaller change of 2.23 mm; this helps to greatly reduce the wear of tiresand assure the straight running stability of the vehicle.
Key Words: vehicle suspension; vehicle steering; riding qualities; independent double-wishbone suspension; kinematiccharacteristic parameter; wheel-center distance; front-wheel sideways slippage