中国对外贸易与国际经济技术(论文6900字)
内容摘要
20世纪80年代以来,随着中国对外开放的不断扩大,国民经济初步实现了从封闭型模式向开放型模式的转变,其发展逐步融入世界经济的总体格局中。中国对外贸易无论从规模上还是在结构上,都取得了长足的进步。2000年中国已成为世界第七大贸易国;进出口商品结构呈现不断优化的演进趋势,工业制成品在进出口中已占据绝对主导地位:贸易对象遍及全球,已经达到230多个国家和地区:中国对外贸易已成为世界贸易的重要组成部分,其发展和变化对中国经济和世界经济愈益产生重要的影响和不可代替的作用。
对外贸易结构是一国或地区经济技术发展水平、产业结构状况、商品国际竞争能力、在国际分工和国际贸易中的地位等的综合反映。从中国改革开放特别是90年代取消出口经营亏损补贴并放松进口限制以后的对外贸易发展情况看,中国对外贸易的长期增长主要取决于自身比较优势的动态变化以及国际市场的需求。从实证研究的层次上看,中国比较优势的状况及其变化深刻地反映在对外贸易结构问题上。因此全面、系统、深入地分析和研究这些结构问题可以作为判断中国对外贸易长期趋势、制定对外贸易发展战略和政策的基本依据。
关键词：贸易；地区经济；商品竞争
Abstract
Since 1980s, with the continuous expansion of China's opening up, the national economy has initially realized the transition from the closed mode to open mode, the development of its development into the overall pattern of the world economy. China's foreign trade has made considerable progress both in terms of scale and structure. In 2000 China has become the world's seventh largest trading nation; import and export commodity structure presents the evolution trend of continuous optimization, industrial products in the import and export has occupied dominant position: trade throughout the world, has reached more than 230 countries and regions: China's foreign trade has become an important part of the world trade, its development and changes of China's economy and the world economy increasingly produce important and irreplaceable role.
Foreign trade structure is a comprehensive reflection of the economic and technological development level, industrial structure, international competition ability, the status of international division of labor and international trade. From China's reform and opening up, especially in the 90's to cancel the export business losses subsidies and relax import restrictions on foreign trade development, China's long-term growth of foreign trade mainly depends on the dynamic changes in their comparative advantage and international market demand. From the perspective of empirical research, the situation of China's comparative advantage and its profound reflection on the structure of foreign trade. Therefore, comprehensive, systematic and in-depth analysis and study of these structural problems can be used as a basis for judging the long-term trend of China's foreign trade, the formulation of foreign trade development strategy and policy.
Key words: trade; regional economy; commodity competition
目录
摘要 1
Abstract 2
目录 3
一、对外贸易理论 4
1.1 对外贸易理论 4
1.2贸易成本与贸易自由化 4
1.3 我国对外贸易存在的几个问题 5
二、技术性贸易壁垒严重阻碍我国商品的出口 6
三、我国对外贸易中应采取的对策 7
3.1服务贸易方面 7
3.2技术性贸易壁垒方面 7
3.3对外贸易摩擦方面 8
四、政策建议 8
4.1 获取外贸技术溢出，增加自主创新能力 9
4.2 增加外贸要素积累，提升内生比较优势 9
4.3 调整贸易地理结构，促进区域协调发展 9
结论 10
参考文献 11
致谢 12 |
